International adoption in Costa Rica, managed by the National Adoption Board (PANI), is a meticulously structured process designed to ensure the well-being of minors. Below, we analyze the main challenges and recommendations for adoptive families, as well as recent changes in the evaluation process.
Challenges in the International Adoption Process
One of the biggest challenges in international adoption is the preparation and evaluation of adoptive families. Currently, there are only three lawyers in the country handling international adoption cases, which can delay the process. Additionally, the lack of approved international families for adoption makes it difficult to place children. At present, there are no approved family profiles, meaning many minors do not find available homes, either nationally or internationally.
Recent Changes in the Evaluation Form
PANI has recently updated the evaluation form for adoptive families, introducing significant changes:
- Acceptance Capabilities: Families are no longer allowed to select specific characteristics of minors. Instead, the family’s general capacity to handle any conditions the minor may present is assessed.
- Abuse Conditions: Conditions of neglect, physical, emotional, and psychological abuse are presented together, requiring families to accept all these conditions if they arise, reflecting a more comprehensive preparation.
- Sexual Abuse Separation: Sexual abuse is presented as a separate category, encompassing all forms of sexual abuse, including rape.
- Exposure to Drugs and Alcohol: Most waiting children have been exposed to these substances due to their biological families’ addictions, a factor adoptive families must be prepared to manage.
- Developmental and Learning Disorders: The impact of institutional time and past traumas is addressed, with a list of possible developmental disorders that may manifest over time.
PANI’s Recommendations for a Successful Adoption
To overcome challenges in the international adoption process, PANI provides several important recommendations:
- Language Knowledge: It is essential that at least one member of the adoptive family speaks Spanish, as communication is key to the success of the adoption.
- Training: Agencies and families are encouraged to participate in training related to the adoption of sibling groups or children with disabilities.
- Reflection and Preparation: Families should reflect on their ability to handle the specific conditions of minors, such as abuse, exposure to drugs and alcohol, and developmental disorders.
- Flexibility and Openness: Families should be open to adjusting their level of openness and expectations to increase the chances of a successful adoption.
The Evaluation and Approval Process
The evaluation process includes a social study that assesses whether the family can handle the specific conditions of the minor. This study may take 2 to 3 months from the receipt of the file to the final approval by the Adoption Council. Additionally, families must complete detailed forms that assess their ability to meet the minor’s needs. This process can be lengthy and complex, but it is crucial to ensure that families are fully prepared to receive the child.
The Role of the Letter of Intent
Once the family profile is accepted, a recommendation letter and a letter of intent are issued. While not mandatory, this letter allows the family to express their understanding and willingness to adopt the minor and can be used in the psychosocial analysis and the matching stage.
Conclusion
Adoption, like any parenthood, can present challenges and difficult moments. However, remember that unconditional love and patience are essential. Family bonds are strengthened as they face and overcome challenges together. With time, dedication, and love, you will build a solid and meaningful relationship with your child.
Dear families, adoption is a journey that requires courage, love, and resilience, but these are fundamental ingredients in the parenting of any child, regardless of how they come to your home. Despite the challenges, it is also an opportunity to experience deep and genuine love. Be prepared to face the challenges but also open your hearts to the wonderful joys that adoption can bring.
The international adoption process in Costa Rica is designed to ensure that every child finds a home that can meet their needs in a suitable and loving manner. While it may take several months, every step of the process is aimed at ensuring the well-being of minors.
If you need legal advice on this matter, ERP Lawyers has a team of experts who can guide and assist you. We invite you to contact us at info@erplawyers.com.
